Treating cancer with genetically engineered T cells

嵌合抗原受体 T细胞受体 肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞 抗原 过继性细胞移植 黑色素瘤 离体 免疫疗法 癌症研究 癌症 免疫学 T细胞 生物 受体 医学 体内 免疫系统 内科学 遗传学
作者
Tristen S. Park,Steven A. Rosenberg,Richard A. Morgan
出处
期刊:Trends in Biotechnology [Elsevier]
卷期号:29 (11): 550-557 被引量:193
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.04.009
摘要

Administration of ex vivo cultured, naturally occurring tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has been shown to mediate durable regression of melanoma tumors. However, the generation of TILs is not possible in all patients and there has been limited success in generating TIL in other cancers. Advances in genetic engineering have overcome these limitations by introducing tumor-antigen-targeting receptors into human T lymphocytes. Physicians can now genetically engineer lymphocytes to express highly active T-cell receptors (TCRs) or chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting a variety of tumor antigens expressed in cancer patients. In this review, we discuss the development of TCR and CAR gene transfer technology and the expansion of these therapies into different cancers with the recent demonstration of the clinical efficacy of these treatments. Administration of ex vivo cultured, naturally occurring tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has been shown to mediate durable regression of melanoma tumors. However, the generation of TILs is not possible in all patients and there has been limited success in generating TIL in other cancers. Advances in genetic engineering have overcome these limitations by introducing tumor-antigen-targeting receptors into human T lymphocytes. Physicians can now genetically engineer lymphocytes to express highly active T-cell receptors (TCRs) or chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting a variety of tumor antigens expressed in cancer patients. In this review, we discuss the development of TCR and CAR gene transfer technology and the expansion of these therapies into different cancers with the recent demonstration of the clinical efficacy of these treatments.
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