嵌合抗原受体
清脆的
T细胞受体
免疫疗法
癌症免疫疗法
癌症研究
基因组编辑
癌症
Cas9
免疫学
过继性细胞移植
医学
免疫系统
细胞毒性T细胞
T细胞
免疫检查点
细胞疗法
肿瘤微环境
生物
计算生物学
CD8型
细胞
干细胞
内科学
基因
细胞生物学
生物化学
遗传学
作者
Sasan Ghaffari,Neda Khalili,Nima Rezaei
标识
DOI:10.1186/s13046-021-02076-5
摘要
Abstract Cancer immunotherapy has gained attention as the supreme therapeutic modality for the treatment of various malignancies. Adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT) is one of the most distinctive modalities of this therapeutic approach, which seeks to harness the potential of combating cancer cells by using autologous or allogenic tumor-specific T-cells. However, a plethora of circumstances must be optimized to produce functional, durable, and efficient T-cells. Recently, the potential of ACT has been further realized by the introduction of novel gene-editing platforms such as the CRISPR/Cas9 system; this technique has been utilized to create T-cells furnished with recombinant T-cell receptor (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that have precise tumor antigen recognition, minimal side effects and treatment-related toxicities, robust proliferation and cytotoxicity, and nominal exhaustion. Here, we aim to review and categorize the recent breakthroughs of genetically modified TCR/CAR T-cells through CRISPR/Cas9 technology and address the pearls and pitfalls of each method. In addition, we investigate the latest ongoing clinical trials that are applying CRISPR-associated TCR/CAR T-cells for the treatment of cancers.
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