Road Conditions Visual Characterization via Triboelectric Dual‐Parameter Sensor

Abstract In autonomous driving technology, real‐time acquisition and intuitive representation of key road information, such as pavement roughness and slope angle, are essential to ensure vehicle control stability, decision‐making accuracy, and path planning reliability. These parameters directly affect traffic efficiency and safety. Therefore, this study proposed a triboelectric dual‐parameter sensor (TDS) based on the vehicle‐road coupling mechanism for real‐time road condition sensing. According to the vehicle's motion characteristics under varying road conditions, integrated sensor unit design is tailored to different road parameters. The TDS integrates a triboelectric displacement sensing unit (TDSU) and a triboelectric inclination sensing unit (TISU), enabling cooperative measurement of vehicle suspension vertical displacement and road slope angle, with a displacement resolution of 0.6 mm for the TDSU and a minimum detectable angle of 6° for the TISU. Based on this, an intelligent road parameter visual characterization system is developed. The road parameters are accurately quantified by power spectral density (PSD) curves and slope angle values, and visualized in the form of curves and data, whose feasibility is validated through vehicle experiments. This work provides a new approach for constructing vehicle‐mounted distributed road sensing networks, and further promoting the development of intelligent transportation systems.