Interaction Between Ecological Resilience and Tourism Efficiency: A Bidirectional Dynamic Analysis of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

This study examines the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, focusing on the coupling coordination and dynamic interaction between tourism efficiency and ecological resilience. An evaluation index system was constructed, and comprehensive analysis using DEA-BCC and improved CRITIC-Entropy methods was conducted to assess levels of tourism efficiency and ecological resilience. The coupling coordination degree model was used to explore their evolutionary characteristics, and the Panel Vector Auto Regression (PVAR) model delved into their dynamic interaction. Results show: (1) Tourism efficiency in the region trended upward before the pandemic, declined during it, and rebounded afterward, while ecological resilience showed a fluctuating upward trend. (2) The coupling coordination level evolved from the "coordination transition stage (2013)" to the "coordination development stage (2014–2022)," with an overall "N"-shaped growth trend and narrowing spatial differences. (3) There is a bidirectional dynamic interaction between tourism efficiency and ecological resilience, where enhanced ecological resilience significantly promotes tourism efficiency. Initially, tourism efficiency negatively impacts ecological resilience, but this effect gradually weakens.