Momentum and kinetic energy transport in supersonic particle-laden turbulent boundary layers

Direct numerical simulations of two-way force-coupled particle-laden compressible turbulent boundary layers are performed to investigate the effects of particles on momentum and kinetic energy transport. The presence of particles suppresses turbulent fluctuations, as reflected in reduced Reynolds stresses, and diminished skin friction and turbulent kinetic energy production. Particle dissipation, due to the relative velocity between fluid and particles, accounts for under 1% of mean viscous dissipation and 10% of turbulent dissipation in the highest mass loading case. The near-wall mean temperature is elevated and influences the particle feedback force and reduced turbulent diffusion.