Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactisHN019 can reduce the sequelae of experimental periodontitis in rats modulating intestinal parameters, expression of lipogenic genes, and levels of hepatic steatosis

Abstract Objective To determine whether Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactis HN019 ( B. lactis HN019) can reduce the sequelae of experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats modulating systemic parameters. Background This study evaluated the effects of probiotic therapy (PROB) in the prevention of local and systemic damage resulting from EP. Methods Forty‐eight rats were allocated into four groups: C (control), PROB, EP, and EP‐PROB. PROB (1 × 10 10 CFU/mL) administration lasted 8 weeks and PE was induced on the 7th week by placing ligature on the animals' lower first molars. All animals were euthanized in the 9th week of the experiment. Biomolecular analyses, RT‐PCR, and histomorphometric analyses were performed. The data obtained were analyzed statistically (ANOVA, Tukey, p < .05). Results The EP group had higher dyslipidemia when compared to the C group, as well as higher levels of insulin resistance, proteinuria levels, percentages of systolic blood pressure, percentage of fatty hepatocytes in the liver, and expression of adipokines was up‐regulated (LEPR, NAMPT, and FABP4). All these parameters (except insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, LEPR and FABP4 gene expression) were reduced in the EP‐PROB group when compared to the EP group. The EP group had lower villus height and crypt depth, as well as a greater reduction in Bacteroidetes and a greater increase in Firmicutes when compared to the EP‐PROB group. Greater alveolar bone loss was observed in the EP group when compared to the EP‐PROB group. Conclusion Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 can reduce the sequelae of EP in rats modulating intestinal parameters, attenuating expression of lipogenic genes and hepatic steatosis.