Prognostic value of seminal vesicle invasion on preoperative multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging in pathological stage T3b prostate cancer

Abstract We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) on preoperative multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in pathological T3b prostate cancer (PCa). We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients who underwent preoperative mpMRI and subsequent radical prostatectomy (RP). A total of 159 patients with pathologic T3b PCa were stratified into two groups based on mpMRI findings (negative vs. positive SVI). A positive SVI was defined as the presence of mpMRI evidence of SVI. In addition, 290 patients with pathologic T3a were also included in this study for further comparative analysis. Fifty-two patients (32.7%) had a positive SVI on preoperative mpMRI. Biochemical recurrence (BCR) occurred in a total of 45 (28.3%) patients, with 25 (23.4%) cases in the negative SVI group and 20 (38.5%) cases in the positive SVI group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of the two groups revealed significantly decreased BCR-free survival in the positive SVI group (median, 21 vs. 9 months, log-rank test, P < 0.001). On multivariate Cox regression analysis, pre-biopsy PSA (P = 0.035) and positive SVI on preoperative mpMRI (P = 0.049) were identified as significant predictors of BCR. Upon further comparative analysis with the pathologic T3a group, we also found significant differences among the groups throughout the Kaplan-Meier curve (P < 0.001). Conclusively, the unpredicted (negative) SVI group had a favorable BCR-free survival compared to the positive SVI group. In addition, significant differences were observed in the prognosis of pathologic T3a and these two groups. This suggests that pathologic T3b can be stratified into two categories.