Restrain of Perovskite Degradation under Ozone Exposure toward Its Application from Ground to Stratosphere

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising technology for next-generation photovoltaics due to their high efficiency and low-cost fabrication. Their potential application in the stratosphere, where exposure to ozone is inevitable, raises concerns about their long-term stability. This study focuses on the degradation mechanisms of perovskite films in an ozone-rich environment. The analysis reveals that the degradation is primarily localized along grain boundaries, with organic cations being the most susceptible components, causing an uneven distribution of elements. To address this issue, a stabilization strategy involving the addition of lead iodide (PbI2) was developed. After passivation, the devices retained 95% of their initial efficiency after 400 hours of ozone aging, effectively improving device stability. This work provides valuable insights into the degradation pathways of perovskite materials and offers a practical approach for improving their environmental stability, which is essential for their long-term application in devices.