ELABELA Protects Against Thoracic Aortic Dissection by Maintaining Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Homeostasis and Regulating NETosis

We provide evidence that ELA prevents TAD progression and aortic medial degeneration, primarily by maintaining VSMC homeostasis, which may be linked to the inhibition of NETosis in neutrophils and NLRP3/IL-1β-related cellular signaling between VSMCs and neutrophils. ELA shows promise as a target for pharmacological therapy and diagnostic TAD management.