蚯蚓粪
土壤食物网
农学
杂食动物
土壤生物学
土壤生态学
食物网
环境科学
土壤养分
土壤结构
土壤生物多样性
土壤水分
农林复合经营
土壤有机质
生物
生态学
土壤科学
生态系统
营养物
捕食
作者
Biao Zhu,Joann K. Whalen,Jinshui Wu,Jiani Yang,Xinrui Mao,Bingbing Wan,Senlin Tian,Feng Hu,Xiaoyun Chen,Manqiang Liu
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109391
摘要
Biodiversity can enhance soil multifunctionality through strengthening biotic interactions in soil food webs, but largely unknown in agroecosystems. We therefore predicted that vermicompost, serving as an organic amendment and soil health conditioner, could enhance trophic interactions among bacteria, fungi and nematodes and mediate synergies and trade-offs among soil functions, especially when substituting synthetic fertilizer was applied to soils. Soil multifunctionality was assessed from plant growth and product quality, carbon and nutrient cycling, water and climate regulation in an intensive cropping system. Pepper, tomato and spinach were cultivated in rotation annually, with substituting vermicompost as a nutrient replacement for synthetic fertilizer for 5 years. Results showed that substituting a moderate dose of vermicompost for synthetic fertilizer offered the highest soil multifunctionality by enhancing synergies among multiple functions. The vermicompost-stimulated multifunctionality was primarily attributed to the cascading effects of the complex food web structure induced by omnivorous nematode. These effects were regulated by the physicochemical environment of the vermicompost-amended soil. Notably, the multifunctional benefits degraded when higher rates of vermicompost were applied, suggesting that over-use of vermicompost combined with an inadequate amount of synthetic fertilizer could simplify soil food web structure and decrease soil functions, mainly due to the nutrient limitation and increasing harmful substances as indicated by C:N stoichiometry, heavy metals and antibiotic resistance genes. In intensive agricultural systems, finding an optimal balance of organic amendments and synthetic fertilizer that supports complex soil food web interactions is therefore crucial for promoting multiple soil functions and particularly sustaining the production of high-quality food crops.
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