生化工程
分离(微生物学)
超滤(肾)
纳米技术
生物技术
生物
小泡
计算生物学
膜
微生物学
生物化学
材料科学
工程类
作者
Keshia F. Castillo‐Romero,Arlette Santacruz,José González‐Valdez
标识
DOI:10.1002/elps.202200133
摘要
Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) are bi-layered nanostructures derived from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Among other pathophysiological roles, BMVs are critical messengers in intercellular communication. As a result, BMVs are emerging as a promising technology for the development of numerous therapeutic applications. Despite the remarkable progress in unveiling BMV biology and functions in recent years, their successful isolation and purification have been limited. Several challenges related to vesicle purity, yield, and scalability severely hamper the further development of BMVs for biotechnology and clinical applications. This review focuses on the current technologies and methodologies used in BMV production and purification, such as ultracentrifugation, density-gradient centrifugation, size-exclusion chromatography, ultrafiltration, and precipitation. We also discuss the current challenges related to BMV isolation, large-scale production, storage, and stability that limit their application. More importantly, the present work explains the most recent strategies proposed for overcoming those challenges. Finally, we summarize the ongoing applications of BMVs in the biotechnological field.
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