化学
背景(考古学)
核苷酸
碱基
自然发生
DNA
生物化学
遗传学
生物
基因
古生物学
作者
Mahipal Yadav,Ritwik Kumar,Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy
出处
期刊:Chemical Reviews
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2020-01-09
卷期号:120 (11): 4766-4805
被引量:120
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00546
摘要
The chemistry of abiotic nucleotide synthesis of RNA and DNA in the context of their prebiotic origins on early earth is a continuing challenge. How did (or how can) the nucleotides form and assemble from the small molecule inventories and under conditions that prevailed on early earth 3.5–4 billion years ago? This review provides a background and up-to-date progress that will allow the reader to judge where the field stands currently and what remains to be achieved. We start with a brief primer on the biological synthesis of nucleotides, followed by an extensive focus on the prebiotic formation of the components of nucleotides—either via the synthesis of ribose and the canonical nucleobases and then joining them together or by building both the conjoined sugar and nucleobase, part-by-part—toward the ultimate goal of forming RNA and DNA by polymerization. The review will emphasize that there are—and will continue to be—many more questions than answers from the synthetic, mechanistic, and analytical perspectives. We wrap up the review with a cautionary note in this context about coming to conclusions as to whether the problem of chemistry of prebiotic nucleotide synthesis has been solved.
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