Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Sulfate Single Crystals

In this study, copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) single crystals, measuring up to 8 × 8 × 2 cm, were successfully grown using the hot plate technique. The synthesized crystals were characterized using several analytical methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). XRD analysis confirmed that the crystals possess a triclinic structure. Optical property assessments revealed broad transparency in the visible spectrum, with a band gap (Eg) of 4.02 eV as determined by UV-visible spectroscopy. BET analysis showed a surface area of 1.015 cm2/g and a pore volume of 0.0025 cm3/g. Additionally, etching experiments were performed over varying durations to preserve the crystal structure and investigate surface behavior. These findings provide valuable insights into both the growth and properties of CuSO4·5H2O crystals, suggesting their potential applications in various scientific fields.