泛素连接酶
泛素
小眼畸形相关转录因子
脱氮酶
蛋白酶体
生物化学
细胞生物学
泛素蛋白连接酶类
DNA连接酶
转录因子
生物
化学
酶
酪氨酸酶
基因
作者
Jingpei Shi,Yinlong Guo,Hanying Wang,Yun Xiao,Weimin Liu,Lechun Lyu
摘要
Abstract Background The ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS) is a highly conserved way of regulating intracellular protein balance. UPS mediates proteolysis and disruption of variation or misfolding, while finely regulating proteins involved in differentiation and other biological processes. Aims The aim of this review is to systematically introduce UPS as a key regulator of melanin metabolism. Methods Systematic search and retrospective review were performed on the published data. Results Melanocyte‐inducing transcription factor (MITF) is a substrate of the ubiquitin ligase VCHL1 and acts as a transcription factor to regulate the expression of key enzymes in melanin synthesis such as tyrosinase (TYR). The rate‐limiting enzyme TYR is modified by the ubiquitin ligase Hrd1 during melanosynthesis. Melanin itself is also regulated by multiple ubiquitin ligases including Fbp1 and Vhl. By regulating the ubiquitination modification to target each link of melanin synthesis, it plays an important role in correcting the disorder of melanin metabolism. A number of chemical agents have been proven to inhibit the activity of ubiquitin ligase. Conclusions Drugs targeting E3 ligase and deubiquitinating enzymes have great potential in the treatment of melanin metabolism disorders.
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