抗菌剂
吩噻嗪
细菌
化学
溶血
体内
微生物学
抗生素耐药性
多重耐药
抗菌活性
抗生素
致病菌
革兰氏阴性菌
药理学
生物化学
生物
大肠杆菌
生物技术
遗传学
基因
免疫学
作者
Qian Yu,Qiongna Cai,Wanxin Liang,Keying Zhong,Jiayong Liu,Haizhou Li,Yongzhi Chen,Hongxia Li,Shanfang Fang,Rongcui Zhong,Shouping Liu,Shuimu Lin
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115733
摘要
Multidrug-resistant bacteria infections pose an increasingly serious threat to human health, and the development of antimicrobials is far from meeting the clinical demand. It is urgent to discover and develop novel antibiotics to combat bacterial resistance. Currently, the development of membrane active antimicrobial agents is an attractive strategy to cope with antimicrobial resistance issues. In this study, the synthesis and biological evaluation of cationic amphiphilic phenothiazine-based derivatives were reported. Among them, the most promising compound 30 bearing a n-heptyl group and two arginine residues displayed potent bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive (MICs = 1.56 μg/mL) and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = 3.125–6.25 μg/mL). Compound 30 showed low hemolysis activity (HC50 = 281.4 ± 1.6 μg/mL) and low cytotoxicity (CC50 > 50 μg/mL) toward mammalian cells, as well as excellent salt resistance. Compound 30 rapidly killed bacteria by acting on the bacterial cell membrane and appeared less prone to resistance. Importantly, compound 30 showed potent in vivo efficacy in a murine model of bacterial keratitis. Hence, the results suggested compound 30 has a promising prospect as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent for the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections.
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