Effects and mechanism of extracts rich in phenylpropanoids-polyacetylenes and polysaccharides from Codonopsis Radix on improving scopolamine-induced memory impairment of mice

乙酰胆碱酯酶 药理学 阿切 胆碱能的 氧化应激 抗氧化剂 记忆障碍 作用机理 神经炎症 化学 神经保护 炎症 医学 生物化学 生物 免疫学 神经科学 内分泌学 体外 认知
作者
Qi Xie,Xianrun Hu,Xiang Zhao,Zedong Xiang,Qianping Chen,Zhejun Xie,Hanxue Wang,Yonglin Zhao,Xuemei Cheng,Changhong Wang
出处
期刊:Journal of Ethnopharmacology [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:319: 117106-117106 被引量:17
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2023.117106
摘要

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive developmental neurodegenerative disease that primarily develops in old age. Memory impairment is an important manifestation of AD. It has been demonstrated that inflammation and oxidative stress are important mediators in the development and progression of AD. Codonopsis Radix (CR) has a long history of consumption, exhibiting lots of beneficial health effects, including anti-ageing, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, studies on the effects of CR on scopolamine-induced amnesia have rarely been reported.The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of macromolecular portion (polysaccharides, POL) and small molecule portion (fine extract rich in phenylpropanoids-polyacetylenes, EPP) from CR on improving scopolamine-induced memory impairment and to elucidate the potential mechanism of action.C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with EPP (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 g/kg), POL (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 g/kg), and donepezil (5 mg/kg) by gavage for 7 days, followed by intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine (1 mg/kg) to induce memory impairment. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing, histopathological, western blotting, and biochemical analysis (various biochemical markers and protein expressions related to cholinergic system, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation) were performed to further elucidate the mechanism of action. Moreover, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of POL, EPP, and its main compounds tangshenoside I, lobetyol, lobetyolin, and lobetyolinin were evaluated.Experiments have confirmed that both POL and EPP from CR could improve scopolamine-induced spatial learning memory deficits. Both of them could regulate cholinergic function by inhibiting AChE and activating choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activities. They also could enhance antioxidant defense via increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and anti-inflammatory function through suppressing inflammatory factors (nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-6) and regulating gut flora. Besides, in vitro experiments demonstrated that four monomeric compounds and EPP, except POL, exhibited inhibition of AChE activity.EPP and POL from CR exert a beneficial effect on learning and memory processes in mice with scopolamine-induced memory impairment. CR may be a promising medicine for preventing and improving learning memory.
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