Intravesical Chemotherapy and Chemohyperthermia in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer; An Overview on Drug Administration Technologies and Pharmacokinetics

Background: Tumor recurrence is the most expected clinical event after the resection of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, depending on histological findings of the initial lesion. In patients with low and intermediate risk of disease, the intravesical instillation of chemotherapy agents is recommended as a standard treatment to reduce recurrences. Keywords: Intravesical chemotherapy, pharmacokinetics, mitomycin, hyperthermia, RITE, electromotive drug administration, chemohyperthermia, radiofrequency.