频道(广播)
信号(编程语言)
通信系统
计量系统
无线
声学
工程类
波形
作者
Tae Wook Kang,Jung-Hwan Hwang,Hyuk Kim,Sung Eun Kim,Kwang-Il Oh,Jae-Jin Lee,Hyung-Il Park,Seong-Eun Kim,Wangrok Oh,Woojoo Lee
出处
期刊:IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]
日期:2021-05-21
卷期号:70: 1-14
标识
DOI:10.1109/tim.2021.3082273
摘要
Human body communications (HBCs), employing the human body as a signal transmission medium, can provide efficient and intuitive methods to form a network in the body. This article presents a comprehensive study for a highly reliable HBC system, including body channel modeling, transceiver design, and performance evaluation through implementation, in consideration of practical sensor network environments for wearable and implantable devices applicable to healthcare and biosignal acquisition. Body channel characteristics based on capacitive couplings, such as root mean square delay spread and mean path gain (MPG), were explored by measuring the body impulse responses under 12 experimental conditions, determined by the variation in body postures and device locations between the wrist and positions assumed under the scalp through a customized experimental setup with micropig-derived biomembranes (MBMs) used for wrapping the devices to emulate an implantable environment. The proposed transceiver design for digital transmission, including a preamble structure and signal modulation method supporting a maximum data rate of 1 Mb/s, was verified through the performance evaluations conducted for examining the frame detection probability and bit error rate (BER) in the body channel model at multiple operating frequencies of 32, 42, and 64 MHz. The proposed system reliability was demonstrated by the achievement of a BER of below ${4.7\,\times \, }{10}^{-8}$ through battery-powered implemented devices with dimensions of ${30\times 30 }\,\,{\text {mm}}^{2}$ , comprising a digital signal processing module (DSPM) for signal generation and detection processes, and an analog front-end module (AFEM) for recovering the received signal from signal deterioration by severe path loss and time-dispersive effect in the body channel.
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