PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路
蛋白激酶B
MAPK/ERK通路
信号转导
癌症研究
激酶
癌变
化学
磷酸化
细胞生物学
生物
生物化学
基因
作者
Vivek Asati,Debarshi Kar Mahapatra,Sanjay Kumar Bharti
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.01.012
摘要
The protein kinases regulate cellular functions such as transcription, translation, proliferation, growth and survival by the process of phosphorylation. Over activation of signaling pathways play a major role in oncogenesis. The PI3K signaling pathway is dysregulated almost in all cancers due to the amplification, genetic mutation of PI3K gene and the components of the PI3K pathway themselves. Stimulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathways enhances growth, survival, and metabolism of cancer cells. Recently, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathways have been identified as promising therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. The kinase inhibitors with enhanced specificity and improved pharmacokinetics have been considered for design and development of anticancer agents. This review focuses primarily on the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways as therapeutic targets of anticancer drugs, their specific and dual inhibitors, structure activity relationships (SARs) and inhibitors under clinical trials.
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