Particle Rider Mutual Information and Dendritic-Squirrel Search Algorithm With Artificial Immune Classifier for Brain Tumor Classification

Abstract Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) is an imperative imaging modality employed in the medical diagnosis tool for detecting brain tumors. However, the major obstacle in MR images classification is the semantic gap between low-level visual information obtained by MRI machines and high-level information alleged by the clinician. Hence, this research article introduces a novel technique, namely Dendritic-Squirrel Search Algorithm-based Artificial immune classifier (Dendritic-SSA-AIC) using MRI for brain tumor classification. Initially the pre-processing is performed followed by segmentation is devised using sparse fuzzy-c-means (Sparse FCM) is employed for segmentation to extract statistical and texture features. Furthermore, the Particle Rider mutual information (PRMI) is employed for feature selection, which is devised by integrating Particle swarm optimization, Rider optimization algorithm and mutual information. AIC is employed to classify the brain tumor, in which the Dendritic-SSA algorithm designed by combining dendritic cell algorithm and Squirrel search algorithm (SSA). The proposed PRMI-Dendritic-SSA-AIC provides superior performance with maximal accuracy of 97.789%, sensitivity of 97.577% and specificity of 98%.