Diabetes-induced chronic heart failure is due to defects in calcium transporting and regulatory contractile proteins: cellular and molecular evidence

医学 心力衰竭 糖尿病性心肌病 心脏病学 糖尿病 内科学 心肌病 肌钙蛋白 提丁 心脏病 内分泌学 心肌细胞 心肌梗塞 肌节
作者
Sunil Rupee,Khemraj Rupee,Ram B. Singh,Carlin Hanoman,Abla Ismail,Manal M.A. Smail,Jaipaul Singh
出处
期刊:Heart Failure Reviews [Springer Science+Business Media]
卷期号:28 (3): 627-644 被引量:14
标识
DOI:10.1007/s10741-022-10271-5
摘要

Heart failure (HF) is a major deteriorating disease of the myocardium due to weak myocardial muscles. As such, the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently around the body to meet its constant demand. HF is a major global health problem with more than 7 million deaths annually worldwide, with some patients dying suddenly due to sudden cardiac death (SCD). There are several risk factors which are associated with HF and SCD which can negatively affect the heart synergistically. One major risk factor is diabetes mellitus (DM) which can cause an elevation in blood glucose level or hyperglycaemia (HG) which, in turn, has an insulting effect on the myocardium. This review attempted to explain the subcellular, cellular and molecular mechanisms and to a lesser extent, the genetic factors associated with the development of diabetes- induced cardiomyopathy due to the HG which can subsequently lead to chronic heart failure (CHF) and SCD. The study first explained the structure and function of the myocardium and then focussed mainly on the excitation–contraction coupling (ECC) processes highlighting the defects of calcium transporting (SERCA, NCX, RyR and connexin) and contractile regulatory (myosin, actin, titin and troponin) proteins. The study also highlighted new therapies and those under development, as well as preventative strategies to either treat or prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). It is postulated that prevention is better than cure.
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