神经形态工程学
突触
计算机科学
突触重量
光子学
带宽(计算)
光开关
互连
硅光子学
波导管
实现(概率)
神经科学
材料科学
光电子学
人工神经网络
电信
人工智能
生物
统计
数学
作者
Zengguang Cheng,Carlos Rı́os,Wolfram H. P. Pernice,C. David Wright,Harish Bhaskaran
出处
期刊:Science Advances
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2017-09-01
卷期号:3 (9)
被引量:409
标识
DOI:10.1126/sciadv.1700160
摘要
The search for new "neuromorphic computing" architectures that mimic the brain's approach to simultaneous processing and storage of information is intense. Because, in real brains, neuronal synapses outnumber neurons by many orders of magnitude, the realization of hardware devices mimicking the functionality of a synapse is a first and essential step in such a search. We report the development of such a hardware synapse, implemented entirely in the optical domain via a photonic integrated-circuit approach. Using purely optical means brings the benefits of ultrafast operation speed, virtually unlimited bandwidth, and no electrical interconnect power losses. Our synapse uses phase-change materials combined with integrated silicon nitride waveguides. Crucially, we can randomly set the synaptic weight simply by varying the number of optical pulses sent down the waveguide, delivering an incredibly simple yet powerful approach that heralds systems with a continuously variable synaptic plasticity resembling the true analog nature of biological synapses.
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