病毒
单纯疱疹病毒
生物
感觉系统
病毒学
人口
潜伏病毒
延迟(音频)
神经科学
免疫系统
病毒潜伏期
病毒进入
允许的
疱疹病毒科
免疫学
医学
病毒复制
病毒性疾病
计算机科学
环境卫生
电信
作者
Bernard Roizman,Richard J. Whitley
出处
期刊:Annual Review of Microbiology
[Annual Reviews]
日期:2013-09-08
卷期号:67 (1): 355-374
被引量:175
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev-micro-092412-155654
摘要
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) evolved an elegant strategy that enables the virus to impact a large fraction of the human population. The virus replicates at the portal of entry (mouth, genitals) and concurrently it is transported retrograde to sensory neurons. In sensory neurons it establishes a silent (latent) infection. A variety of stimuli can reactivate the virus. The reactivated virus is transmitted anterograde to a site at the portal of entry for transmission by physical contact between infected and uninfected tissues to other individuals. The central issue is how a virus that vigorously replicates and successfully blocks the innate immune defenses of the host at the portal of entry into the body remains silent in sensory neurons. The presentation focuses on three key issues: (a) current assessment of the impact of HSV on human health, (b) the mechanisms by which the virus overcomes a key host defense mechanism at the portal of entry into the body and yet is silenced in latently infected neurons, and (c) the mechanisms by which the virus reactivates.
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