Progresses in Wound Healing: IntegratingNutrition, Physical Therapy, Traditional andAlternative Medicine, and Novel Technologies

Wound healing is a complex, tightly regulated biological process essential for restoringthe integrity and functionality of damaged skin. Chronic wounds, affecting approximately 6.5 millionindividuals globally and 1.5% of the Indian population, pose significant healthcare challengesdue to their prolonged and intricate healing processes. This review highlights the mechanisms andstages of wound healing—hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and maturation—emphasizingthe bidirectional influence of internal and external factors on wound progression. Despite advancementsin wound management, current therapeutic options, including skin grafts, growth factors,and cell-based therapies, often remain inadequate for diverse wound types. Emerging technologies,such as nanofibers, stem cell therapy, 3D bioprinting, fluorescence imaging, and bacteria-killing laser therapy, offer promising solutions by enhancing therapeutic outcomes and minimizingside effects. This review also explores the roles of nutrition, physical therapy, and traditionalmedicine in promoting effective wound care. By integrating novel technologies with establishedtherapeutic strategies, this work provides a comprehensive overview of advanced wound healingmodalities, their mechanisms, advantages, and limitations. The review concludes with a perspectiveon future research directions aimed at overcoming current challenges in chronic wound managementand optimizing patient outcomes.