Artificial Neural Networks Based on Memristive Devices: From Device to System

Memristive devices are essential for artificial neural networks (ANNs) due to their similarity to biological synapses and neurons in structure, dynamics, and electrical behaviors. By building a crossbar array, memristive devices can be used to conduct in‐memory computing efficiently. Herein, approaches to realize memristive neural networks (memNNs) from the device level to the system level are introduced with state‐of‐art experimental demonstrations. First, algorithm fundamentals for networks and device fundamentals for synapses and neurons are briefly given to provide guidance for developing ANNs based on memristive devices; second, recent advances in memristive synapses are discussed on the device level, including the optimization of device, the emulation of biological functions and the array integration; third, artificial neurons based on complement metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) transistors and memristive devices are described; then, systemic demonstrations and latest developments of memNNs are elaborated; finally, summary and perspective on memristive devices and memNNs are presented.