生物
真菌
使负有责任或义务
蛋白质组
专性厌氧菌
纤维素酶
基因组
细菌
基因
生物信息学
水平基因转移
植物
细胞壁
生物量(生态学)
酶
生态学
遗传学
生物化学
作者
Alexey A. Grum-Grzhimaylo,Daniel Luciano Falkoski,Joost van den Heuvel,Claudio A. Valero-Jiménez,Byoung Won Min,In Geol Choi,Anna Lipzen,Chris Daum,Duur K. Aanen,Adrian Tsang,Bernard Henrissat,Е. Н. Биланенко,Ronald P. de Vries,J.A.L. van Kan,Igor V. Grigoriev,A.J.M. Debets
摘要
Abstract Sodiomyces alkalinus is one of the very few alkalophilic fungi, adapted to grow optimally at high pH . It is widely distributed at the plant‐deprived edges of extremely alkaline lakes and locally abundant. We sequenced the genome of S. alkalinus and reconstructed evolution of catabolic enzymes, using a phylogenomic comparison. We found that the genome of S. alkalinus is larger, but its predicted proteome is smaller and heavily depleted of both plant‐degrading enzymes and proteinases, when compared to its closest plant‐pathogenic relatives. Interestingly, despite overall losses, S. alkalinus has retained many proteinases families and acquired bacterial cell wall‐degrading enzymes, some of them via horizontal gene transfer from bacteria. This fungus has very potent proteolytic activity at high pH values, but slowly induced low activity of cellulases and hemicellulases. Our experimental and in silico data suggest that plant biomass, a common food source for most fungi, is not a preferred substrate for S. alkalinus in its natural environment. We conclude that the fungus has abandoned the ancestral plant‐based diet and has become specialized in a more protein‐rich food, abundantly available in soda lakes in the form of prokaryotes and small crustaceans.
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