Study on laser welding of copper material by hybrid light source of blue diode laser and fiber laser

Focusing on the problem of high-power laser welding of high reflectivity of copper, in this article, a physical model of energy absorption for the temperature field of hybrid laser deep penetration welding of copper materials is established by using a Gaussian rotating body heat source of 450 nm blue diode laser and 1060 nm fiber laser. The main factors are analyzed such as welding joint design, laser energy density, focal position, and shielding gas. When the 1000 W fiber laser is combined with a 300, 500, and 700 W blue diode laser to weld copper material, the relationship between the welding temperature field and the light source absorption rate is analyzed on the condition of a hybrid heat source distance of 2.2–6.2 mm and a welding speed of 10–30 mm/s. The results show that the absorption rate of a fiber laser welded by double-beam hybrid welding can be increased by 20% compared with that of a single light source; that is, 300, 500, and 700 W blue diode laser together with 1000 W fiber laser combines to weld copper materials, and the absorption rate of the light source reaches the highest when the hybrid heat source distance and the welding speed are 3.0 mm and 20 mm/s, respectively.