Activation of Ene-Diamido Samarium Methoxide with Hydrosilane for Selectively Catalytic Hydrosilylation of Alkenes and Polymerization of Styrene: an Experimental and Theoretical Mechanistic Study

Samarium methoxide incorporating the ene-diamido ligand L(DME)Sm(μ-OMe)2Sm(DME)L (1; L = [DipNC(Me)C(Me)NDip](2-), Dip = 2,6-iPr2C6H3, and DME = 1,2-dimethoxyethane) has been prepared and structurally characterized. Complex 1 catalyzed the syndiospecific polymerization of styrene upon activation with phenylsilane and regioselective hydrosilylation of styrenes and nonactivated terminal alkenes. Unprecedented regioselectivity (>99.0%) for both types of alkenes has been achieved with the formation of Markovnikov and anti-Markovnikov products in high yields, respectively, whereas the polymerization of styrene resulted in the formation of syndiotactic silyl-capped oligostyrenes. The kinetic experiments and density functional theory calculations strongly support a samarium hydride intermediate generated by σ-bond metathesis of the Sm-OMe bond in 1 with PhSiH3. In addition, the observed regioselectvity for hydrosilylation and polymerization is consistent with the calculated energy profiles, which suggests that the bulky ene-diamido ligand and samarium hydride intermediate have important roles for regio- and stereoselectivity.