冠状病毒
生物安全
流行病学
病毒学
大流行
疾病
病毒
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)
生物
倍他科诺病毒
病毒目
2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)
医学
传染病(医学专业)
病理
作者
Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng,Susanna K. P. Lau,Patrick C. Y. Woo,Kwok‐Yung Yuen
摘要
SUMMARY Before the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003, only 12 other animal or human coronaviruses were known. The discovery of this virus was soon followed by the discovery of the civet and bat SARS-CoV and the human coronaviruses NL63 and HKU1. Surveillance of coronaviruses in many animal species has increased the number on the list of coronaviruses to at least 36. The explosive nature of the first SARS epidemic, the high mortality, its transient reemergence a year later, and economic disruptions led to a rush on research of the epidemiological, clinical, pathological, immunological, virological, and other basic scientific aspects of the virus and the disease. This research resulted in over 4,000 publications, only some of the most representative works of which could be reviewed in this article. The marked increase in the understanding of the virus and the disease within such a short time has allowed the development of diagnostic tests, animal models, antivirals, vaccines, and epidemiological and infection control measures, which could prove to be useful in randomized control trials if SARS should return. The findings that horseshoe bats are the natural reservoir for SARS-CoV-like virus and that civets are the amplification host highlight the importance of wildlife and biosecurity in farms and wet markets, which can serve as the source and amplification centers for emerging infections.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI