梗阻性无精症
无精子症
卵胞浆内精子注射
睾丸精子提取
医学
妊娠率
妇科
男科
怀孕
产科
体外受精
不育
生物
遗传学
作者
Massimo Romanò,Federico Cirillo,Noemi Ravaioli,Emanuela Morenghi,L Negri,Bulbul Ozgur,Elena Albani,Paolo Emanuele Levi-Setti
摘要
Abstract Purpose Comparison of intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles with testicular sperm extraction in obstructive azoospermia and non‐obstructive azoospermia are limited, and few studies have addressed obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Design This study analyzed couples who underwent testicular sperm extraction–intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles for obstructive azoospermia and non‐obstructive azoospermia to determine whether impaired spermatogenesis in non‐obstructive azoospermia patients would lead to worse reproductive outcomes and higher rates of pregnancy complications and fetal anomalies. This study is a retrospective, single‐center analysis of all testicular sperm cycles performed between January 1, 2001 and December 31, 2020. Results A total of 392 couples were considered in the study, leading to 1066 induction cycles, 620 (58.2%) from patients with obstructive azoospermia and 446 (41.8%) from non‐obstructive azoospermia. The cumulative delivery rate did not significantly differ between the two groups (34% vs. 31%; p = 0.326). The miscarriage rate was similar between obstructive azoospermia and non‐obstructive azoospermia patients. Fertilization rate instead showed a statistically significant difference (obstructive azoospermia: 66.1 ± 25.7 vs. non‐obstructive azoospermia: 56.1 ± 27.0; p < 0.001). The overall maternal complication rate in the non‐obstructive azoospermia group was higher (10.7% vs. 18.4%; p = 0.035), but there was no statistical significance for each pathology. There was no statistical difference in gestational age between the two groups for both single and twin pregnancies. Seven cases of congenital defects occurred in the obstructive azoospermia group, while two cases occurred in the non‐obstructive azoospermia group. Conclusions Despite impaired spermatogenesis in non‐obstructive azoospermia patients, there were no substantial differences in reproductive outcomes compared to patients with obstructive azoospermia, even in terms of obstetric safety and neonatal well‐being.
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