Sensitive and rapid detection of influenza A virus for disease surveillance using dual-probe electrochemical biosensor

Influenza A virus (IAV) can cause influenza, a highly infectious zoonotic respiratory disease, and early detection is essential to prevent and control its rapid spread in the population. Given the limitations of traditional detection methods in clinical laboratories, we report a large surface TPB-DVA COFs (TPB: 1,3,5-Tris(4-aminophenyl) benzene, DVA: 1,4-Benzenedicarboxaldehyd, COFs: Covalent organic frameworks) nanomaterial modified electrochemical DNA biosensor, which has dual-probe specific recognition and signal amplification. The biosensor enables quantitative detection of influenza A viruses' complementary DNA (cDNA) from 10 fM to 1 × 103 nM (LOD = 5.42 fM) with good specificity and high selectivity. The reliability of the biosensor and portable device was verified by comparing the virus concentrations in animal tissues with those measured by digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) (P > 0.05). Moreover, the potential for influenza surveillance in this work was demonstrated by detecting the tissue samples from mice at different stages of infection. In summary, the good performance of this electrochemical DNA biosensor we proposed suggested it has the potential to be a rapid detection device for the influenza A virus, which could assist doctors or other professionals in obtaining rapid and accurate results for outbreak investigation and disease diagnosis.