Network resiliency and fiber usage of Tree, Star, ring and wheel based wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network Topologies: A comparative review

Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)-based Passive Optical Networks (PON) has gained attention due to the massive growth in bandwidth demand resulting from the increased number of users, utilisation of bandwidth-hungry applications, network protection, reliability, survivability, scalability and mobility advents. Multiple architectures were proposed in the literature to achieve credibility and sustainability in WDM-PON networks. To identify the best approach, the current study presented a comparative analysis of recent and the most deployed WDN-PON topologies that mainly comprises tree, star, ring, and wheel. The study also discussed the advantages and disadvantages of every WDM-PON topology while outlining the research gap for future directions.