地质学
风积作用
撞击坑
火星探测计划
低谷(经济学)
地貌学
火星人
波纹标记
天体生物学
涟漪
量子力学
物理
宏观经济学
经济
电压
作者
Robert Sullivan,M. D. Baker,Claire E. Newman,M. Turner,Juergen Schieber,Catherine M. Weitz,Bernard Hallet,David W. Ellison,Michelle E. Minitti
摘要
The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover spent a full martian year exploring the phyllosilicate-bearing Glen Torridon trough on the flank of Aeolis Mons in Gale crater, enabling in-depth assessment of aeolian processes. MSL encountered erosional and depositional features recording a long aeolian history. The trough has served as a long-term conduit for sand transport, probably involving many cycles of sand accumulation and deflation. Rock abrasion textures indicate sand-driving winds blowing W-SW (opposite of abrasion textures on the Greenheugh Pediment above the trough floor). Indurated megaripple surfaces with 2–5 mm grains contrast with seasonally active ripples having finer maximum grain sizes, indicating more vigorous saltation in the past. Active ripples display a broad continuum of wavelengths, as well as coarser grains at crests than troughs, consistent with origins as impact ripples. Orientations of a wind streak extending from a large ripple field, and sandy wind tails behind obstacles, indicate sand is driven W-SW in the current era, approximately along the trough axis. Erosion of drill tailings piles was strongly seasonal, enhanced during late spring and early summer (perihelion). Climate modeling suggests W-SW sand transport can be attributed to seasonal enhancement of nighttime regional winds entering Gale crater from the N, combined with local katabatic winds flowing down the slopes of Aeolis Mons. However, it is unclear whether sand transport at Glen Torridon is primarily from these wind components combining and acting simultaneously, or occurring in serial at different times of night; field evidence supports both possibilities.
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