Molecular mechanisms underlying postharvest physiology and metabolism of fruit and vegetables through multi-omics technologies

Multi-omics approaches, involving genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, can provide comprehensive insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the postharvest physiology and metabolism of fruits and vegetables. Integration of multiple omics analysis can illustrate the complex metabolomic and biological processes that determine the quality and nutritional attributes of fruits and vegetables. Understanding these mechanisms would enhance our insight into the comprehensive analysis of fruit and vegetable physiological and biological processes, enabling better postharvest management approaches. This review summarizes recent insights into the application of multi-omics technologies, including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, in postharvest research, with a particular focus on the postharvest physiology and metabolism associated with the postharvest ripening, quality, chilling injury, postharvest decay, and senescence of fruits and vegetables. We focused on various aspects of how multi-omics approaches have been used to enhance our understanding of the physiology and molecular processes of fruits and vegetables during postharvest stages. This comprehensive approach aims to optimize postharvest practices, improve product quality, prolong shelf-life, and enhance the overall management of harvested and stored produce.