Allelic diversity and forensic estimations of the Beijing Hans: Comparative data on sequence-based and length-based STRs

Short tandem repeat (STR) profiling is routinely used in forensic genetics. At present, STR analysis is mainly performed by capillary electrophoresis (CE). However, due to limitations associated with the CE method, STR genotyping has been limited to length polymorphisms only. Because next generation sequencing (NGS) is capable of providing full resolution STR data at the sequence variation level, the individual identification capability of forensic STR loci could be significantly improved. Here we present sequence-based STR data for the Beijing Han population in which 291 individuals were screened for 23 commonly used forensic STRs using the SeqTypeR24 CASE kit on an Ion PGM platform. In total, 234 length-based alleles and 356 sequence-based alleles, which included 22 novel core repeat sequences, were observed. The sequence-based matching probability and power of discrimination were superior to the length-based numbers for 16 loci bearing micro-variant alleles. Combined matching probability reached 8.2 × 10−29 for 23 STR loci at the sequence level. This was two orders of magnitude higher than the parameters at length level and provides a data base for sequence-based STR casework applications.