锂(药物)
法拉第效率
碱金属
磷酸钒锂电池
无机化学
阳极
化学
材料科学
电化学
电极
电解质
有机化学
物理化学
医学
内分泌学
作者
Pengyu Chen,Chong Yan,Rui Zhang,Yuxing Yao,Hong‐Jie Peng,Li‐Tang Yan,Stefan Kaskel,Qiang Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1002/anie.202101958
摘要
Abstract Lithium metal batteries are considered a promising candidate for high‐energy‐density energy storage. However, the strong reducibility and high reactivity of lithium lead to low Coulombic efficiency when contacting oxidants, such as lithium polysulfide caused by the serious “shuttle effect” in lithium–sulfur batteries. Herein we design selectively permeable lithium‐ion channels on lithium metal surface, which allow lithium ions to pass through by electrochemical overpotential, while the polysulfides are effectively blocked due to the much larger steric hindrance than lithium ions. The selective permeation of lithium ions through the channels is further elucidated by the molecular simulation and visualization experiment. Consequently, a prolonged cycle life of 75 cycles and high Coulombic efficiency of 99 % are achieved in a practical Li–S pouch cell with limited amounts of lithium and electrolyte, confirming the unique role the selective ion permeation plays in protecting highly reactive alkali metal anodes in working batteries.
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