骨结合蛋白
细胞外基质
破骨细胞
细胞生物学
化学
矿化组织
骨重建
表型
成骨细胞
细胞外
生物化学
生物
基因
酶
体外
遗传学
病理
碱性磷酸酶
医学
牙本质
骨钙素
作者
Émilie Rosset,Amy D. Bradshaw
出处
期刊:Matrix Biology
[Elsevier]
日期:2016-05-01
卷期号:52-54: 78-87
被引量:213
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.matbio.2016.02.001
摘要
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC/osteonectin/BM40) is one of the most abundant non-collagenous protein expressed in mineralized tissues. This review will focus on elucidating functional roles of SPARC in bone formation building upon results from non-mineralized cells and tissues, the phenotype of SPARC-null bones, and recent discoveries of human diseases with either dysregulated expression of SPARC or mutations in the gene encoding SPARC that give rise to bone pathologies. The capacity of SPARC to influence pathways involved in extracellular matrix assembly such as procollagen processing and collagen fibril formation as well as the capacity to influence osteoblast differentiation and osteoclast activity will be addressed. In addition, the potential for SPARC to regulate cross-linking of extracellular matrix proteins by members of the transglutaminase family of enzymes is explored. Elucidating defined biological functions of SPARC in terms of bone formation and turnover are critical. Further insight into specific cellular mechanisms involved in the formation and homeostasis of mineralized tissues will lead to a better understanding of disease progression.
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