Effect of laser oscillation mode on LWAM deposition morphology and melting pool fluctuation

To investigate the impact of laser beam oscillation on melting pool fluctuation and deposition morphology during laser wire additive manufacturing, we observed transient melting pool fluctuations and measured the 3D deposition morphology. The study revealed that periodic beam oscillation enhances solution stirring, resulting in pronounced fluctuations in the melting pool and reduced roughness of the deposited surface. Furthermore, it was found that different laser oscillation modes resulted in different deposition morphologies. The shape of the melting pool is influenced by energy distribution characteristics, while the movement path of the spot determines this distribution. Moreover, the addition of beam oscillations effectively disperses the energy of the laser heat source, thereby mitigating the protrusion of the molten pool bottom.