Bridging the gap between rate-dependent plasticity and stress wave dynamics: Calibrating a constitutive model for high-strength steel by inverse optimization

We present an approach for quantifying the flow stress of metals under dynamic loads, based on experiments that involve distinct but related physical phenomena. In modified Taylor tests, a stress-wave generated velocity-time signal is measured, which indirectly provides information on the plastic deformation behavior of the tested material at high strain rate. The Johnson-Cook plasticity model is calibrated for a high-strength steel on the basis of such measurements in combination with quasi-static and dynamic tensile test data. The plasticity model parameters are found with differential evolution through the inverse optimization of material test simulations. A consistent set of model parameters is identified that reproduces measurements from all types of tests. The obtained plasticity model features a small initial yield stress, which is compensated by large strain hardening so as to produce a realistic engineering yield stress. An independent calibration method is employed, by regression of the model on quasi-static and dynamic tensile test results, that confirms the validity of the plasticity model parameter values.