Numerical investigation on four-wave mixing in tellurite photonic crystal fiber

The evolution of the degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) effect in tellurite photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is investigated systematically. The influence of the pitch distance Λ 1 to 10μ) and the diameter-to-pitch ratio p (from 0.2 to 0.99) on the phase matching condition is analyzed numerically. The evolution of DFWM parameters including the output signal power, signal gain, output idler power and idler conversion efficiency is investigated by changing the fiber length Z (from 2 to 10 m), signal wavelength (from 1.26951 to 1.27012μm idler wavelength (from 1.9980 to 1.9995 μm), initial pump power (from 5 to 15 W) and initial signal power (from -10 to 30 dBm). The pump, signal and idler waves propagate in the fiber with a gradually decreasing period. Based on DFWM occurring in the proposed tellurite PCF (=3.3 μm p =0.75), the signal (anti-Stokes wave) is efficiently amplified and the idler (Stokes wave) is efficiently generated at the mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelength with the pump wavelength of 1.553 μm. The signal gain can be increased by increasing the initial pump power. The idler conversion efficiency has an upper limit of 25.95%. The simulated results will be instructive for the experimental FWM process to generate mid- infrared lasing.