医学
急性肾损伤
泌尿系统
肾
肾脏疾病
肾功能
肌酐
生物标志物
病理
肾病
高血压肾病
糖尿病肾病
泌尿科
内科学
内分泌学
糖尿病
生物
生物化学
作者
Rafael Noal Moresco,Guilherme Vargas Bochi,Carolina dos Santos Stein,José Antônio Mainardi de Carvalho,Bibiana M. Cembranel,Yãnaí S. Bollick
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2018.09.011
摘要
Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), a type l transmembrane glycoprotein, is recognized as a potential biomarker for detection of tubular injury in the main renal diseases. Urinary KIM-1 increases rapidly upon the tubular injury, and its levels are associated with the degree of tubular injury, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation in the injured kidney. Currently, the investigation of kidney diseases is usually performed through the assessment of serum creatinine and urinary albumin. However, these biomarkers are limited for the early detection of changes in renal function. Besides, the tubular injury appears to precede glomerular damage in the pathophysiology of renal diseases. For these reasons, the search for sensitive, specific and non-invasive biomarkers is of interest. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review the physiological mechanisms of KIM-1, as well to present clinical evidence about the association between elevated urinary KIM-1 levels and the main renal diseases such as chronic kidney disease, diabetic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, and IgA nephropathy.
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