[Changes of coagulation function in patients with adenomyosis].

Objective: To explore the different coagulation state in patients with adenomyosis and its clinical significance. Methods: Clinical data of the patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. (1) Differential coagulation state between 25 healthy women and 25 patients with adenomyosis were compared during menstrual and non-menstrual periods. (2) The coagulation indexes of 145 patients with adenomyosis (observation group 1) and 129 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade Ⅲ (control group 1) who underwent hysterectomy in non-menstrual period were compared. (3) The coagulation indexes of 154 patients with adenomyosis (observation group 2) and 147 women without myometrial lesions (control group 2) who underwent endometrial curettage during uterine bleeding period were compared. (4) Correlations of coagulation index with cancer antigen 125 (CA125), cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and uterine volume in patients with adenomyosis were analyzed. Results: (1) The coagulation state of each health women during the menstrual and non-menstrual period showed no significant differences (all P>0.05). For the 25 patients with adenomyosis, fibrinogen [FIB; 2.61 g/L(2.50-3.10 g/L)] and D-dimer [0.60 mg/L (0.40-1.00 mg/L)] in the menstrual period were significantly higher than those in the non-menstrual period [2.25 g/L (1.90-2.70 g/L) and 0.27 mg/L (0.20-0.40 mg/L), respectively; both P<0.01], while thrombin time [TT; 16.70 s (16.10-17.40 s)] in the menstrual period was significantly lower than that in the non-menstrual period [17.95 s (17.20-18.40 s); P<0.01]. (2) In the non-bleeding period, D-dimer [0.26 mg/L (0.20-0.40 mg/L)] and platelet count [257.0×109/L (212.0×109/L-308.5×109/L)] of observation group 1 were significantly higher than those of control group 1 (all P<0.01). Besides, FIB (r=0.237, P=0.004) and D-dimer (r=0.373, P<0.001) were positively correlated with CA125, while prothrombin time (PT; r=-0.208, P=0.012) and internationalized normalized ratio of plasma prothrombin time (PT-INR; r=-0.201, P=0.015) were negatively correlated with CA19-9. (3) In the bleeding period, PT [10.70 s (10.10-11.20 s)] and PT-INR [0.93 (0.90-1.00)] of observation group 2 were significantly lower than those of control group 2 (all P<0.01), while D-dimer [0.41 mg/L (0.20-0.80 mg/L)] was significantly higher than that in the control group 2 (P<0.001). Furthermore, FIB (r=0.252, P=0.038) and D-dimer (r=0.321, P=0.008) were positively correlated with uterine volume, while activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT; r=-0.190, P=0.018) and TT (r=-0.304, P=0.012) were negatively correlated with uterine volume. (4) During non-menstrual period and uterine bleeding period, APTT and TT in patients of observation group 1 and 2 combined with anemia were significantly lower than those of non-anemia patients (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Patients with adenomyosis have a tendency to hypercoagulability in both the uterine bleeding and non-bleeding periods, which may be related to enlarged uterine volume, increased serum CA125 and anemia.目的： 探讨子宫腺肌病患者凝血功能的变化及其临床意义。 方法： （1）回顾性分析2017年1月至2021年12月在南京医科大学第一附属医院就诊的25例健康妇女和25例子宫腺肌病患者，分析其经期和非经期凝血指标的变化情况。（2）分析同期在本院住院行子宫切除术的子宫腺肌病患者145例（非出血期观察组）和子宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅲ级患者129例（非出血期对照组），比较两组患者术前的凝血指标。（3）分析同期在子宫出血期于本院门诊行诊刮术的子宫腺肌病患者154例（出血期观察组）和经妇科超声检查子宫肌层无病变的妇女147例（出血期对照组），比较两组在子宫出血期的凝血指标。（4）分析子宫腺肌病患者凝血指标与癌相关抗原125（CA125）、癌相关抗原19-9（CA19-9）、子宫体积的相关性。 结果： （1）25例健康妇女的凝血指标在经期和非经期间无显著差异（P均>0.05）；子宫腺肌病患者经期纤维蛋白原［FIB；2.61 g/L（2.50~3.10 g/L）］和D-二聚体［0.60 mg/L（0.40~1.00 mg/L）］均明显高于非经期［FIB为2.25 g/L（1.90~2.70 g/L）、D-二聚体为0.27 mg/L（0.20~0.40 mg/L）；P均<0.01］，经期凝血酶时间［TT；16.70 s（16.10~17.40 s）］明显低于非经期［17.95 s（17.20~18.40 s）；P<0.01）］。（2）与非出血期对照组相比，非出血期观察组子宫腺肌病患者的D-二聚体［0.26 mg/L（0.20~0.40 mg/L）］、血小板计数［257.0×109/L（212.0×109/L~308.5×109/L）］均增高（P均<0.01）。其中，FIB（r=0.237，P=0.004）和D-二聚体（r=0.373，P<0.001）均与CA125呈正相关，凝血酶原时间（PT；r=-0.208，P=0.012）和凝血酶原时间国际标准化比值（PT-INR；r=-0.201，P=0.015）均与CA19-9呈负相关。（3）与出血期对照组相比，出血期观察组子宫腺肌病患者的PT［10.70 s（10.10~11.20 s）］、PT-INR［0.93（0.90~1.00）］均减小，D-二聚体［0.41 mg/L（0.20~0.80 mg/L）］升高（P均<0.01）。其中，FIB（r=0.252，P=0.038）、D-二聚体（r=0.321，P=0.008）均与子宫体积呈正相关，活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT；r=-0.190，P=0.018）和TT（r=-0.304，P=0.012）均与子宫体积呈负相关。（4）非出血期观察组和出血期观察组的子宫腺肌病患者，合并贫血者APTT和TT均显著低于非贫血者（P均<0.05）。 结论： 子宫腺肌病患者在子宫出血期和非出血期均存在着高凝倾向，高凝倾向可能与子宫体积增大、血CA125水平升高、贫血相关。.