Potentials of zero charge, interaction of metals with water and adsorption of organic substances—III. The role of the water dipoles in the structure of the dense part of the electric double layer

Two types of solvent particles resident on the electrode surface have been considered: (1) associates of water molecules freely oriented along the electric field and (2) chemisorbed water dipoles oriented with the oxygen atom towards the metal surface. On the basis of this model, a semi-quantitative interpretation has been given to the dependence of the differential capacity of the dense layer on the electrode charge. It has been shown that a change in this dependence, when passing from mercury to gallium, can be described assuming the energy of interaction of chemisorbed water dipoles with the metal surface to increase.