Gut microbiome-based interventions for the management of obesity in children and adolescents aged up to 19 years

In adolescents aged 10 to 19 years, gut microbiome-based interventions may result in little to no difference in obesity-related outcomes. In children and adolescents aged 0 to 19 years, prebiotics may result in a small reduction in BMI and body weight; synbiotics may result in a reduction in systolic blood pressure, and SCFAs may result in a reduction in BMI and waist circumference, albeit the certainty of evidence was very low. The evidence was of very low certainty due to few studies per comparison, small sample sizes, short intervention durations, and insufficient reporting of adverse events. More rigorous research examining different types of gut microbiome-based interventions for the management of obesity is required in children and adolescents, both in clinical and community settings. Future trials should also report methods related to randomisation, blinding, and compliance, as well as include prespecified analysis plans.