Standardized diagnosis and treatment program for type 2 diabetes mellitus in a community in Urumqi

Objective To study the effects of a standardized diagnosis and treatment program for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, in a community in Urumqi. Methods In March 2016, 1 000 patients with type 2 diabetes at the Urumqi Xinhua Road community health service center and affiliated communities were selected to participate in a questionnaire survey and in a promotion for a 12-month standardized treatment. T-test and χ2 test were used to compare the blood sugar, blood pressure, blood lipids, ratio of urine microalbumin and creatinine (urine A/C) and other metabolic indices in patients before and after the promotion. Results In a total of 112 finalists, after a 4-month follow-up, rates of regular exercise, diet control, taking medication on time and regular blood glucose monitoring all improved significantly from 35.7%, 40.2%, 13.7%, 29.5% to 56.3%, 68.8%, 56.3%, 45.5%, respectively (χ2=9.508, 8.643, 45.319, 6.171; P < 0.05). The rates of smoking and drinking were lower after the promotion (χ2=4.291, 4.56; P < 0.05). Body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), creatinine, and urine A/C decreased significantly, while there was no significant difference in the diastolic blood pressure. The percentage of participants with normal blood sugar, lipids and blood pressure, significantly improved from 38.4%, 37.5%, 23.6%, 8.9% to 63.4%, 66.4%, 43.7%, 23.2%, respectively. The rate of urine A/C positivity decreased from 40.2% to 26.8% (χ2=14.004, 18.309, 10.604, 8.473, 4.510, P < 0.05). Conclusion Standardized type 2 diabetes treatment programs can improve the blood levels of glucose and lipids, as well as lower blood pressure and the positive rate of urine A/C. It can help reduce the multiple risk factors and long-term complications by improving the self-management of diabetes. Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Standardized diagnosis and treatment; Self-management; Standard rate