Recent Advances in Green Synthesis of 3,3′‐Spirooxindoles via Isatin–based One–pot Multicomponent Cascade Reactions in Aqueous Medium

Abstract 3,3′‐spirooxindoles are important synthetic target compounds and play special role in organic chemistry because of their extensive biological activities and applications of pharmaceutical lead discovery. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in design of new, atom economical and eco‐friendly isatin‐based one‐pot multicomponent cascade reactions in aqueous medium for the green synthesis of 3,3′‐spirooxindoles. In this review, the recent advances in this area were summarized and classified according to catalyst‐free, organic‐catalyzed, inorganic‐catalyzed, nanometer‐silica‐catalyzed and enzyme‐catalyzed reaction systems. These reviewed methods provide important inspiration for the synthesis of novel 3,3′‐spirooxindoles and design of new pharmaceutical compounds.