核糖体分析
生物
平动调节
翻译(生物学)
计算生物学
内部核糖体进入位点
核糖体
信使核糖核酸
细胞生物学
遗传学
基因
核糖核酸
作者
Hsin-Yen Larry Wu,Joseph J. Jen,Polly Yingshan Hsu
标识
DOI:10.1093/plcell/koad197
摘要
Translation is a crucial step in gene expression and plays a vital role in regulating various aspects of plant development and environmental responses. It is a dynamic and complex program that involves interactions between mRNAs, tRNAs, and the ribosome machinery, through both cis- and trans-regulation, while integrating internal and external signals. Translational control can act in a global (transcriptome-wide) or mRNA-specific manner. Recent advances in genome-wide techniques, particularly ribosome profiling and proteomics, have led to numerous exciting discoveries in both global and mRNA-specific translation. In this review, we aim to provide a 'primer' that introduces readers to this fascinating yet complex cellular process and provide a big picture of how essential components connect within the network. We begin with an overview of mRNA translation, followed by a discussion of the experimental approaches and recent findings in the field, focusing on unannotated translation events and translational control through cis-regulatory elements on mRNAs and trans-acting factors, as well as signaling networks through three conserved translational regulators TOR, SnRK1, and GCN2. Finally, we briefly touch on the spatial regulation of mRNAs in translational control. Here, we focus on cytosolic mRNAs, and translation in organelles and viruses is not covered in this review.
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