Solar-induced on-site H2O2 generation and tandem Fenton-like reaction on NiCo2S4/In2S3 triphase interface for naphthalene degradation

In this work, a hierarchical flower-like 2D/3D NiCo2S4/In2S3 Schottky junction containing S vacancies with excellent photocatalytic performance was elaborately designed and synthesized. The high redox ability of 2D/3D NiCo2S4/In2S3 is not only ascribed to the regulation of architectural morphology, components and heterostructure, but also the systematic optimization of charge transfer, abundant catalytic active sites, and the exceptional synergistic effect of S vacancies defect and Schottky-junction. A solid–liquid-gas triphase reaction interface was constructed by immobilizing NiCo2S4/In2S3 on poly(vinylidene fluoride)-modified melamine sponge (PVDF/MS). The H2O2 production rate can reach 842.7 μmol gcat−1 h−1 through dual channels at the triphase interface by overcoming the mass-transfer limitation of oxygen in water and high concentration naphthalene degradation efficiency is over 70% within 180 min visible light irradiation, which was better than that of diphase toward naphthalene with same amount of catalyst. The triphase system provides a simple strategy for reducing oxygen transport limitation, enhancing easy circulation and high stability for catalytic applications. This research provides a viable avenue for designing H2O2 photosynthesis and naphthalene photodegradation.