生物
免疫系统
免疫学
癌症研究
获得性免疫系统
癌症
细胞毒性T细胞
转移
免疫疗法
先天免疫系统
小胶质细胞
免疫检查点
癌细胞
癌症免疫疗法
CD8型
炎症
体外
生物化学
遗传学
作者
Xiaofei She,Shijun Shen,Guang Chen,Yaqun Gao,Junxian Ma,Yaohui Gao,Yingdi Liu,Guoli Gao,Yan Zhao,Chunyan Wang,Cizhong Jiang,Ping Wang,Huanlong Qin,Hua Gao
标识
DOI:10.15252/embj.2022111112
摘要
Abstract Brain metastasis, most commonly originating from lung cancer, increases cancer morbidity and mortality. Although metastatic colonization is the rate‐limiting and most complex step of the metastatic cascade, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, in vivo genome‐wide CRISPR‐Cas9 screening revealed that loss of interferon‐induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) promotes brain colonization of human lung cancer cells. Incipient brain metastatic cancer cells with high expression of IFITM1 secrete microglia‐activating complement component 3 and enhance the cytolytic activity of CD8 + T cells by increasing the expression and membrane localization of major histocompatibility complex class I. After activation, microglia (of the innate immune system) and cytotoxic CD8 + T lymphocytes (of the adaptive immune system) were found to jointly eliminate cancer cells by releasing interferon‐gamma and inducing phagocytosis and T‐cell‐mediated killing. In human cancer clinical trials, immune checkpoint blockade therapy response was significantly correlated with IFITM1 expression, and IFITM1 enhanced the brain metastasis suppression efficacy of PD‐1 blockade in mice. Our results exemplify a novel mechanism through which metastatic cancer cells overcome the innate and adaptive immune responses to colonize the brain, and suggest that a combination therapy increasing IFITM1 expression in metastatic cells with PD‐1 blockade may be a promising strategy to reduce metastasis.
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