化学
水热液化
厌氧消化
沼渣
鸟粪石
废水
制浆造纸工业
环境化学
废物管理
环境工程
环境科学
甲烷
有机化学
生物化学
工程类
催化作用
作者
W.M.L.K. Abeyratne,H. Bayat,S.P. Munasinghe-Arachchige,Y. Zhang,Catherine E. Brewer,Nagamany Nirmalakhandan
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119075
摘要
This study evaluated two pathways to recover the nitrogen-content of wastewater sludges as ammonium sulfate (AmS) for use as fertilizer. The first pathway entails sludge stabilization by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) followed by recovery of AmS from the resulting aqueous product by gas permeable membrane (GPM) separation. The second one entails stabilization of the sludges by anaerobic digestion (AD) followed by recovery of AmS from the resulting centrate by GPM separation. A bench-scale GPM reactor is shown to be capable of recovering >90% of N in the feed. Recoveries of NH3–N in the HTL-pathway ranged 96–100% in 5.5–7.5 h at mass removal rates of 0.2–0.3 g N/day, yielding 3.3–6.0 g AmS/L of feed. Recoveries of 98% were noted in the AD-pathway in 4 h at mass removal rates of 0.06–0.97 g N/day and a yield of 1.7–2.1 g AmS/L of feed. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer analysis confirmed that both pathways yielded AmS meeting the US EPA and European region guidelines for land application. The GPM reactor enabled higher nitrogen-recoveries in the HTL-pathway than those reported for current practice of AD followed by ammonia stripping, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, and/or struvite precipitation (96–100% vs. 50–90%). A process model for the GPM reactor is validated using performance data on three different feedstocks.
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